The army of Suliman the Magnificent under the command of Mustapha Pasha had landed on the island on 19 May and begun siege operations four days later. The epic and finally successful defence was led by the Grand Master of the Hospitallers, Jean Parisot de la Valette. It showed the Christian world that the might of the Ottoman empire could be resisted and bought its defenders some much-needed breathing space. Six years later, the great naval victory at Lepanto off the west coast of Greece halted the expansion of Turkish power over the western and central Mediterranean, and marked the beginning of its decline.



Further reading

Campaign 50: Malta 1565 Last Battle of the Crusades (extract below) is a compelling account of this ferocious siege. Warrior 41: Knight Hospitaller (2) 1306-1565 (extract below) is the second of two volumes on daily life in the Order, at war and in peacetime. Elite 58: The Janissaries and Men-at-Arms 140: Armies of the Ottoman Turks 1300-1774 are portraits of the Christian defenders' formidable historic adversaries. Campaign 114: Lepanto 1571 The greatest naval battle of the Renaissance completes this bloody final chapter in the long conflict between east and west, Muslim and Christian, that began in the 11th century. New Vanguard 62: Renaissance War Galley 1470-1590 examines the development of this remarkable war machine from its classically inspired resurrection in the 15th century until its demise in the early 17th century.